资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
(新春见闻)走近国家级非遗摆手舞:起舞“阳光照耀的山坡”****** 中新社湖北来凤2月2日电 题:走近国家级非遗摆手舞:起舞“阳光照耀的山坡” 中新社记者 郭晓莹 “舍巴喔(摆手哟)!”农历正月初十,在湖北省来凤县百福司镇舍米湖村,有着300多年历史的摆手堂里,“鼓王”彭承金一声吆喝声,划破了土家山寨的宁静。 “恩祖勒玛(来哒)!”20多位村民高声应和,围着“普舍树”,踏着铿锵的鼓点跳起了摆手舞。 锣鼓声中,众人甩同边手,迈同边脚,躬腰屈膝,蹁跹进退。74岁的彭大丙老人是男性舞者中的佼佼者。他的舞姿干净利落,粗犷有力,质朴刚劲,有“龙行虎步”之风。 “别看我年纪大,只要锣鼓一响,我就要跳。”老人说,跳摆手舞就是要吃力(使劲)。 作为第一批国家级非物质文化遗产,摆手舞是流传于酉水流域土家族的一种祭祀舞蹈,以载歌载舞的形式讲述土家族的民族迁徙、狩猎征战及农事活动的故事,已传承千年之久。清朝土家族诗人彭施铎曾描写其场面:“福石城中锦作窝,土王宫畔水生波。红灯万盏人千叠,一片缠绵摆手歌。” 诗中的“福石城”就是来凤县百福司镇。“舍米湖”是土家语,意为“阳光照耀的山坡”。舍米湖村是原生态摆手舞的发源地,村里600余人,上至耄耋老人,下至垂髫孩童,皆会跳摆手舞。 “土家鼓王”彭承金是舍米湖原生态摆手舞第27代传人。作为国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目代表性传承人,彭承金数百次亮相各类舞台,传授摆手舞上千人次。 多年来,彭大丙、彭承金一直致力于保护、传承、弘扬摆手舞文化,展示摆手舞风采。他们和村民一起“摆”进了上海世博会、西安世园会,“摆”到了澳大利亚、新西兰等国家。 彭承金说,摆手舞带着土家族人从乡野走向了更广阔的舞台。 然而,随着村民越来越多地走出大山读书、务工,传承人群自然降低,摆手舞也一度面临后继乏人的危机。“摆手舞的传承应是开放、面向未来的姿态。”百福司镇镇长汤超说。 为保护传承摆手舞,来凤县设立了百福司镇文化生态保护区。该镇实施“土家族摆手舞”传承计划,组建了全民摆手舞教学队伍,推动摆手舞进机关、进学校、进企业、进景区、进社区、进农村,让饱含了土家族历史积淀的摆手舞,融入今天的生活现实。 年后,舍米湖村日渐恢复宁静。“哐咚咚、哐咚咚”的鼓声,却依旧在群山间回响。(完) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() ![]() 网信购彩地图 |